Verification References

The following references have been or will be used to verify Geant4 hadronic models.

Stopped anti-proton

  • Pion detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    C.Amsler and F.Myher, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 41, 219 (1991);
    C.Amsler, Rev. Mod. Phys. 70, 1293 (1998)
    to be checked Ta 1/NAdN/dP
    dN/NA
    No Thin targets, lots of tables, used in validation

Stopped pion

  • Nuetron, Deuteron, Triton, Proton, 4He, 3He detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    R.Madley et al., Phys. Rev. C25, 2050 (1082) to be checked H dN/pdE No Thin targets, used in validation

Gamma incident

  • Proton detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    D.Ryckbosch et al., Phys. Rev. C42, 444 (1990) 60 MeV Ca d2sig/pdOmega/dE No Thin targets, plots only, used in validation
    C.Van den Abeele, private communication cited in J.Ryckenbusch et al., Phys. Rev. C49, 2704 (1994) 123, 151 MeV C dsig/pdOmega/dE No Thin targets, plots only used in validation

Proton incident

  • Proton detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    J.A.McGill, Phys. Rev. C29, 204 (1984) 800 MeV 1H, 2H, 12C, 40Ca, 208Pb d2sig/dOmega/dp No Thin targets, plots only
    T. Shibata, Nucl. Phys. A408, 525 (1983) 1.4, 2.5, 4 GeV/c C, Cu, Pb (1/p)d2sig/dE/dOmega No Thin targets, data tables included
    H. En'yo, Phys. Lett 159B, 1 (1985) 4 GeV/c Al, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 Yes Data taken from plots
    Yu.D. Bayukov et al., Preprint ITEP-148-1983;// Yu.D.Bayukov et al.,Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.42:116-121,1985 6.2, 7.5, 9.0 GeV Be, C, Cu, Pb, U Inclusive proton production at various angles and in several kinetic energy bins HEPDATA Thin target, used in validation
    D. Armutliiski, JINR Preprint P1-91-191 (1991) 10 GeV/c C, Ta (E/A)d3sig/dp3 Yes Data taken from plots
    T. Abbott, Phys. Rev. D45, 3906 (1992) 14.6 GeV/c Be, Al, Cu, Au d2sig/dmperp/dy HEPDATA:
    only p-Cu -> p X recorded
    Thin targets, lots of data
    J. Allaby, CERN-70-12 (1970) 19.2 GeV/c H, Be, Al, Cu, Pb d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    T. Eichten, Nucl. Phys. B44, 333 (1972) 24 GeV/c Be, B4C, Al, Cu, Pb (2E/sig*p2)d2sig/dpdOmega No Thin targets, data tables included
    W. Baker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 101 (1961) 30 GeV Be, Al d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    V. Fitch, Phys. Rev. 126, 1849 (1962) 30 GeV Al, Be d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    V. Abramov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 41, 227 (1985) 70 GeV C, Al, Cu, Sn, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
  • Neutron detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    M.Meier et al., Nucl. Sci. Eng. 102, 310 (1989) 113 MeV Al, Pb d2sig/dOmega/dE Unknown Thin targets, used in validation
    S.Stamer et al., Phys. Rev. C47, 1647 (1993) 256, 800 MeV Al, Pb d2sig/dOmega/dE No Thin targets, plots only, used in validation
    W.B.Amian et al., Nucl. Sci. Eng. 110, 289 (1992) 597 MeV Al, Pb d2sig/dOmega/dE Unknown Thin targets, used in validation
    S. Leray, Phys. Rev. C65, 044621 (2002) 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 GeV Al, Fe, Zr, W, Pb, Th d2sig/dOmega/dE No Thick targets, lots of data, plots only
    K. Ishibashi, as presented in K. Niita, Phys. Rev. C52, 2620 (1995) 1.5, 3.0 GeV 208Pb d2sig/dOmega/dE No Plots only, used in validation: 1.5GeV, 3.0GeV
  • Pion detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    D.R.F. Cochran et al., Phys. Rev. D6, 2085 (1972) 730 MeV C d2sig/dE/dOmega Unknown Thin target, used in validation
    H. En'yo, Phys. Lett 159B, 1 (1985) 3, 4 GeV/c Al, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 Yes Data taken from plots
    D. Armutliiski, JINR Preprint P1-91-191 (1991) 10 GeV/c C, Ta (E/A)d3sig/dp3 Yes Data taken from plots
    W. Baker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 101 (1961) 10, 20, 30 GeV Be, Al d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    I. Chemakin, Phys. Rev. C65, 024904 (2002) 12.3, 17.5 GeV/c Be, Cu, Au d2sig/dp/dOmega No Medium thick targets, data tables included
    HARP, Nucl. Phys. B732, 1 (2006) 12.9 GeV/c Al d2sig/dp/dOmega Yes Thin targets, data tables included
    T. Abbott, Phys. Rev. D45, 3906 (1992) 14.6 GeV/c Be, Al, Cu, Au d2sig/dmperp/dy HEPDATA:
    p-Al data, p-Be data, p-Cu data, p-Au data
    Thin targets, lots of data
    O. Gavrishchuk, Nucl. Phys. A523, 589 (1991) 15-65 GeV 9Be, C, 27Al, Ti, Mo, W (E/A)d3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
    J. Allaby, CERN-70-12 (1970) 19.2 GeV/c H, Be, Al, Cu, Pb d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    T. Eichten, Nucl. Phys. B44, 333 (1972) 24 GeV/c Be, B4C, Al, Cu, Pb (2E/sig*p2)d2sig/dpdOmega No Thin targets, data tables included
    V. Fitch, Phys. Rev. 126, 1849 (1962) 30 GeV Al, Be d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    J.J.Whitmore et.al., Z.Phys. C62, 199 (1994) 100 and 320 GeV/c Mg, Ag, Au dN/dy, dN/d(pt**2), y=rapidity HEPDATA Data tables included, used in validation: 100GeV, 320GeV
    V. Abramov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 41, 227 (1985) 70 GeV C, Al, Cu, Sn, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
    Bayukov et al., ITEP-80-37 400 GeV Ta (E/A)*D3(SIG)/D3(P) HEPDATA Thin target, used in validation
  • Kaon detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    T. Abbott, Phys. Rev. D45, 3906 (1992) 14.6 GeV/c Be, Al, Cu, Au d2sig/dmperp/dy HEPDATA:
    only p-Cu -> K+- X data recorded
    Thin targets, lots of data
    J. Allaby, CERN-70-12 (1970) 19.2 GeV/c H, Be, Al, Cu, Pb d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    T. Eichten, Nucl. Phys. B44, 333 (1972) 24 GeV/c Be, B4C, Al, Cu, Pb (2E/sig*p2)d2sig/dpdOmega No Thin targets, data tables included
    V. Abramov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 41, 227 (1985) 70 GeV C, Al, Cu, Sn, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
  • Anti-proton detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    J. Allaby, CERN-70-12 (1970) 19.2 GeV/c H, Be, Al, Cu, Pb d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    T. Eichten, Nucl. Phys. B44, 333 (1972) 24 GeV/c Be, B4C, Al, Cu, Pb (2E/sig*p2)d2sig/dpdOmega No Thin targets, data tables included
    V. Abramov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 41, 227 (1985) 70 GeV C, Al, Cu, Sn, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
  • Deuteron detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    T. Abbott, Phys. Rev. D45, 3906 (1992) 14.6 GeV/c Be, Al, Cu, Au d2sig/dmperp/dy No Thin targets, lots of data, plots only
    V. Fitch, Phys. Rev. 126, 1849 (1962) 30 GeV Al, Be d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    V. Abramov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 45, 845 (1987) 70 GeV Be, Cu, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
  • Triton detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    V. Fitch, Phys. Rev. 126, 1849 (1962) 30 GeV Al, Be d2N/dOmega/dp No Plots only
    V. Abramov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 45, 845 (1987) 70 GeV Be, Cu, Pb Ed3sig/dp3 No Data tables included
  • Isotope detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    T.Schiekel et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B114, 91 (1996) 380 MeV 78As sigma vs A Unknown Thin targets, used in validation

Pion incident

  • Proton detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    T. Shibata, Nucl. Phys. A408, 525 (1983) 1.4, 2.5, 4.0 GeV/c C, Cu, Pb (1/p)d2sig/dE/dOmega No Thin targets, data tables included
  • Neutron detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    Y. Iwamoto, Phys. Rev. C70, 024602 (2004) 0.87, 2.1 GeV Fe, Pb d2sig/dE/dOmega No Medium thick targets, plots only
  • Pion detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    J. Wise, Phys. Rev. C48, 1840 (1993) 500 MeV 12C, Ca, Zr, 208Pb d2sig/dOmega/dEloss No Thin targets, plots only
    Y. Fujii, Phys. Rev. C64, 034608 (2001) 821 MeV 2H, 6Li, C, Ca, Zr, 208Pb d2sig/dOmega/dEloss No Thin targets, plots only
    J.J.Whitmore et.al., Z.Phys. C62, 199 (1994) 100 and 320 GeV/c Mg, Ag, Au dN/dy, dN/d(pt**2), y=rapidity HEPDATA Data tables included

Kaon incident

  • Kaon detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    D. Marlow, Phys. Rev. C25, 2619 (1982) 446 MeV C, Ca dsig/dOmega No Data tables included
  • Pion detected
    Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
    J.J.Whitmore et.al., Z.Phys. C62, 199 (1994) 100 and 320 GeV/c Mg, Ag, Au dN/dy, dN/d(pt**2), y=rapidity HEPDATA Data tables included

    Heavy Ion incident

    • Neutron detected
      Reference Incident energies Targets Measured quantities Data file written? Comments
      Kurosawa et al., Phys. Rev. C62 044615 (2000) 400MeV/N (Fe) C, Al neutron fluence vs angle, kinetic energy Unknown Thick(?) targets, used in validation